What does KAR stand for?

Thus there is a dynamic and delicate interplay between phosphorylation and SUMOylation that regulates kainate receptor function.

In turn, kainate receptors apparently play a role only in STM acquisition, and NMDA receptors seem to act in the LTM acquisition phase (Barker et al.

There are three families of glutamate-gated ion channels, named for the compounds that were used to initially identify these channels: (1) the A-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, (2) the [alpha]-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor, and (3) the kainate receptor (AMPA and kainate receptors are collectively known as non-NMDA receptors).

Excitotoxicity appears to be primarily dependent on NMDA and kainate receptor activation.

The simple classification of receptors as ionotropic or metabotropic also is beginning to blur as reports accumulate that, for example, activation of ionotropic kainate receptors may also produce a second-messenger cascade.

The timing of this study is very opportune since three independent groups have recently isolated the kainate receptor protein as well as the gene, thus the receptor itself will soon be available for study.

AMPA or kainate receptors also appear to mediate some of glutamate's effects in addiction processes, as indicated by the results of clinical trials with the anticonvulsant medication topiramate.

The electrical activity of the waking brain triggers the series of events controlled by the BDNF protein, which makes kainate receptor activity to disappear in some synapses.