What does Y stand for?

China supplies at least 95 per cent of the world's rare earths - 17 chemical elements with hard-to-pronounce names such as praseo-dymium and yttrium - essential for a wide range of high-tech devices and green technologies.

The experiments showed that yttrium in trace amounts - less than 1 microgram per milliliter of water - may disrupt normal calcium signalling in neurons and other electrically active cells, an amount far lower than what had been thought to be safe levels.

“More significantly for Ucore, Beijing has stipulated that the heavy rare earths (HREE's) dysprosium, terbium, thulium, lutetium and yttrium will not just be cut back, but will be fully prohibited from export under the new REE Plan,” says the company.

362% of total rare earth elements plus yttrium says John Pearson, vice-president of exploration for GWMG.

His efforts advanced the yttrium barium copper oxide-coated conductor.

The Asian behemoth now supplies approximately 95 percent of the world's consumption of "rare earths," such as cerium, neodymium, lathanum, yttrium, and dysprosium.

Players are always telling us, 'Someone should have thought of this ages ago,' but the reality is these products can't be manufactured without the pioneering developments in high-tolerance insert molding and neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet lasers of the last few years," The company's first product, the eponymous Jellifish, has been awarded utility patents covering these and other innovations.

It operates with glass, steel, zircon, cerium, and yttrium grinding media and is suitable for recirculation and single-pass operation.