What does VT stand for?

This device allows for protective mechanical ventilation by the reduction of tidal volumes and decreased end expiratory pressures.

To understand the shortcomings of PSV, two things must be kept in mind: 1) The actual pressure that inflates the lung is the sum of the airway and pleural pressures (transpulmonary pressure, PTP); and 2) The PTP needed depends not only on tidal volume and flow, but also on the mechanics of the respiratory system.

The initial increase in ventilation is due first to an increase in tidal volume and then to an increase in respiratory rate.

The simplest of these proposes that increases in tidal volume result in a reduction in respiratory rate (Tucker and Jenkins 1996, Cahalin et al 2002).

Methods: Ninety patients, aged 60 or more, received anesthesia induction with propofol and with sevoflurane 8% using the vital capacity breath (VCB) or tidal volume breath (TVB) techniques.

1) These findings include: (1) movement of the diaphragm, (2) body position used to perform DB and to examine the test-retest the effects of DB, (3) optimal instruction in DB without the possibility of forward protrusion of the abdominal area via abdominal muscle activity (with DB, the abdominal area is protruded forward as a result of the forward displacement of the abdominal contents by the descending diaphragm), (4) measurement of competency with DB, (5) duration, frequency, intensity, and progression of DB training, rind (6) a variety of clinical tests such as the change in symptoms, respiratory rate, tidal volume, and oxygen saturation or arterial blood gases before, during, and after DB.

The displaced volume is the tidal volume, or amount of air in a normal breath.

The claimed apparatus controls the number of breaths delivered to the patient per minute (breath frequency) and the volume of gas delivered with each breath (tidal volume or ventilation) by calculating the proper breath frequency and tidal volume based on data representing at least five factors: air viscosity in the lungs, lung elastance, barometric pressure, oxygen level of the patient and carbon dioxide level of the patient.