What does TS stand for?

Non-Fiction Text Structures Gail Saunders-Smith Maupin House 2416 NW 71st Place, Gainesville, FL 32653 97819343384, $23.

The book is organized to first explore the theoretical arguments for academic language (Chapters 1-3), then how academic language is used in the text structures of various disciplines (Chapters 4-6).

Coverage includes basic principles; the reading process for teacher-as-reader and as a teacher of reading to ELLs; teaching specific aspects of reading--fluency, comprehension, strategies, text structure, vocabulary; planning effective lessons; promoting extensive reading; and authentic reading assessment.

Writing requires automatic letter formation and/or keyboarding, accurate and fluent spelling, sentence construction, and the ability to compose a variety of different text structures with coherence and cohesion.

The sets address eight critical reading strategies: monitoring and clarifying, making connections, visualizing, asking and answering questions, inferring, summarizing, predicting, and using text structures and features.

Since narrative text differs from expository text, knowledge of narrative text structure is helpful when completing expository tasks like reading or writing mathematics.

For modelling pause durations some texts were used to generate a number of characteristics describing the following: - text structure (end of paragraph, sentence, or phrase; conjunctions within the text) - prepausal foot (length of the foot in phones, foot quantity degree, length of the foot-final syllable in phones and a binary characteristic indicating final lengthening) - pause timing specifications (distance of the pause from the beginning of the paragraph, sentence, and phrase, as well as its distance from the previous pause and the previous breathing).

Teachers should be knowledgeable about the comprehension strategies, necessary to address the variations in the text structure.