What does LN stand for?

Fujitsu's line of cutting-edge, high-performance optical components, which includes 300pin Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) transponders, 10 Gigabit Small Form Factor Pluggable (XFP) and Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) MSA transceivers, optical transceivers for PON, Lithium Niobate (LN) external modulators, and a variable chromatic dispersion compensator using Virtually Imaged Phased Array (VIPA) technology, have already been available to customers in global markets.

Lithium niobate single crystal is an excellent material for various optical applications such as frequency conversion, optical switches, optical modulators and others.

Components manufactured by the company include passive components, electron tubes and lithium niobate wafers for the telecommunications, automobile and consumer electronics market.

Moreover, other optical modulator technologies such as Lithium Niobate and Indium Phosphide are not able to perform at these high speeds.

Recently, chemists have begun searching for plastics that could replace costly inorganic materials, such as lithium niobate crystals, in optical switches, light modulators and other devices that control the flow of light (SN: 5/25/91,p.

The device targets the fast growing telecom market's 40G ultra-long-haul segment and competes favorably with existing technologies, such as Lithium Niobate, in terms of performance.

Most acoustic wave detectors consist of a millimeter-thick substrate -- often a crystal such as lithium niobate -- with tiny electrodes attached that emit acoustic waves at frequencies beyond the range detectable by human ears.

The GX6159 is a high-voltage modulator driver for 10G long-haul and metro optical transponders which use Lithium Niobate Mach-Zehnder Modulators (MZM) to encode the data onto the fiber.